Yaman Toruner

Yaman Toruner

Marketization as a Missing Link in Development

Why developing countries must reclaim price discovery and build their own market institutions to compete in a globalized economy   As debates over inequality, trade, and economic resilience continue to dominate global forums, one issue remains persistently underexamined: the role of marketization in shaping the trajectory of developing economies. While developed countries have long relied…

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How Developing Countries Can Borrow Without Falling Into Debt Traps

Many emerging economies must borrow to grow. But borrowing smartly — not just borrowing more — can protect governments from crises and build stronger financial futures. Most developing countries face the same dilemma: Without exportable natural resources such as oil or minerals, they cannot fund long-term economic development on their own. Roads, schools, hospitals and…

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Why Gold-Backed Banknotes Could Strengthen Developing Economies

A dual-currency model with gold-backed banknotes could help developing nations boost stability, reduce dollar reliance, and strengthen financial sovereignty Before President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s April 5, 1933, recall of gold-backed currency, the U.S. Treasury had been circulating gold Certificates since 1865. These notes were backed by equal gold coin and redeemable upon demand. When the…

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